“Taken in the 1890s (most likely 1899) by biologist and photography pioneer Louis Boutan, it depicts Boutan’s Romanian colleague Emil Racovitza holding up a sign that reads ‘Photographie Sous Marine,’ or ‘Underwater Photography’.”
“This necessitated the development of what Petapixel’s Laurence Bartone calls a ‘crazy underwater flash photography rig,’ one powerful enough that it ‘could easily double as a bomb. The creation involved an alcohol lamp on an oxygen-filled barrel. A rubber bulb would then blow a puff of magnesium powder over the flame, creating a flash’.”
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